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Identifying spreading influence nodes for social networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 520-549 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0190-8

摘要： The identification of spreading influence nodes in social networks, which studies how to detect important individuals in human society, has attracted increasing attention from physical and computer science, social science and economics communities. The identification algorithms of spreading influence nodes can be used to evaluate the spreading influence, describe the node’s position, and identify interaction centralities. This review summarizes the recent progress about the identification algorithms of spreading influence nodes from the viewpoint of social networks, emphasizing the contributions from physical perspectives and approaches, including the microstructure-based algorithms, community structure-based algorithms, macrostructure-based algorithms, and machine learning-based algorithms. We introduce diffusion models and performance evaluation metrics, and outline future challenges of the identification of spreading influence nodes.

关键词： complex network network science spreading influence machine learning

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技术科学的发展与技术科学的社会价值

黄志澄

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第1期页码 10-14

摘要：

文章首先介绍钱学森先生关于技术科学的论述，重点从信息科学的发展，讨论了近代技术科学发展的特点，在这个基础上, 从应用价值、文化价值和精神价值等方面，进一步探讨了技术科学的社会价值。

关键词：钱学森技术科学信息科学系统科学科学、技术与社会社会价值

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中国经济社会发展对工程科技2035的需求分析

栾恩杰,袁建华,满璇

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第1期页码 21-26 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.01.004

摘要：

2035年经济社会发展对工程科技需求分析，是将我国工程科技发展与经济社会需求紧密相连，使工程科技发展真正与经济社会发展目标交汇、对接。本文介绍了开展工程科技需求分析的背景和国内外需求分析方法，采用核心人员访谈、问卷调查等研究方法，提出2035年我国经济社会发展的六大愿景和经济社会发展对工程科技的需求。

关键词： 2035年愿景需求经济社会发展工程科技

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工程技术百年颂

宋健

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第3期页码 1-5

摘要：

回顾了20世纪世界工程科技发展的历程，论述了工程科技进步在推动全球经济和社会发展中所起的巨大作用；结合中国工程院主办的"20世纪我国重大工程技术成就"评选活动产生的25项评选结果，指出了我国科技人员在为中华民族的振兴和国家经济发展所做的重大贡献，以及工程师的创造性劳动获得了社会的广泛认知和尊重；阐明了没有科技实力的国家就不能跻身世界强国之列的重要真理；展望了21世纪，特别是未来50年我国工业化、现代化建设将迎来工程科技发展的新高潮。

关键词： 20世纪工程科学技术社会进步经济发展科技人才

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钱学森论产业革命

黄顺基

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第9期页码 1-8

摘要：

怎样认识当前这场产业革命？如何认识产业革命与社会发展之间的关系？在钱老论产业革命中有哪些理论创新？文章对此作了详细的论述。

关键词：物质资料生产体系社会改革人理科学技术业

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支持科学决策和咨询的技术——思维系统工程

戴汝为

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第1期页码 17-20

摘要：

思维科学及思维系统工程的研究，可为科学决策和咨询提供理论基础与技术支持。建立和启动一个开放的思维巨系统——思维系统工程，是一项崭新的工程技术。论述了社会思维与群体智慧；综合集成研讨厅的框架结构及技术构件；基于internet的综合集成研讨厅实例。

关键词：科学决策思维科学社会思维群体智慧

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Emergence mechanisms of group consensus in social networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0277-x

摘要： Reaching consensus within larger social network groups has emerged as a pivotal concern in the digital age of connectivity. This article redefines group consensus as the emergence of collective intelligence resulting from self-organizing actions and interactions of individuals within a social network group. In our exploration of extant research on group consensus, we illuminate two frequently underestimated, yet noteworthy facets: Dynamism and emergence. In contrast to the conventional perspective of consensus as a mere outcome, we perceive it as an ongoing, dynamic process. This process encompasses self-organized communication and interaction among group members, collectively guiding the group towards cognitive convergence and viewpoint integration. Consequently, it is imperative to redirect our focus from the outcomes of group interactions to an examination of the relationships and processes underpinning consensus formation, thus elucidating the mechanisms responsible for the generation of group consensus. The amalgamation of cognitive contexts and accurate simplification of real-world scenarios for simulation and experimental analysis offers a pragmatic operational approach. This study contributes novel theoretical underpinnings and quantitative insights for establishing and sustaining group consensus within the realm of engineering management practices. Concurrently, it holds substantial importance for advancing the broader research landscape pertaining to social consensus.

关键词： group consensus social network collective intelligence

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The influence of social media on stock volatility

Xianjiao WU, Xiaolin WANG, Shudong MA, Qiang YE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 201-211 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017018

摘要： This study explores the influence of social media on stock volatility and builds a feature model with an intelligence algorithm using social media data from Xueqiu.com in China, Sina Finance and Economics, Sina Microblog, and Oriental Fortune. We find that the effect of social factors, such as increased attention to a stock’s volatility, is more significant than public sentiment. A prediction model is introduced based on social factors and public sentiment to predict stock volatility. Our findings indicate that the influence of social media data on the next day’s volatility is more significant but declines over time.

关键词： stock volatility social data sentiment analysis boosting algorithm

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review of modeling, structure, and integration techniques of smart buildings in the cyber-physical-social

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 74-94 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0792-6

摘要： Smart buildings have been proven to be a kind of flexible demand response resources in the power system. To maximize the utilization of the demand response resources, such as the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC), the energy storage systems (ESSs), the plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), and the photovoltaic systems (PVs), their controlling, operation and information communication technologies have been widely studied. Involving human behaviors and cyber space, a traditional power system evolves into a cyber-physical-social system (CPSS). Lots of new operation frameworks, controlling methods and potential resources integration techniques will be introduced. Conversely, these new techniques urge the reforming requirement of the techniques on the modeling, structure, and integration techniques of smart buildings. In this paper, a brief comprehensive survey of the modeling, controlling, and operation of smart buildings is provided. Besides, a novel CPSS-based smart building operation structure is proposed, and the integration techniques for the group of smart buildings are discussed. Moreover, available business models for aggregating the smart buildings are discussed. Furthermore, the required advanced technologies for well-developed smart buildings are outlined.

关键词： smart buildings cyber-physical-social-system optimization modeling demand response virtual power plant

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自然资源开发利用研究的进展

徐玖平

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第11期页码 19-27

摘要：

在回顾人类开发利用自然资源历史演进的基础上，陈述自然资源生态学、地理学、经济学和地质学是自然资源开发利用研究的四大新理论支柱。从科学的整体性与复杂性和自然资源开发利用的系统性与综合性的角度，分别论述了研究尺度、部门利益、文化差异以及观点不同是自然资源开发利用跨学科综合研究的四大主要障碍，确定研究问题、规定研究尺度、选择合适目标、构建研究队伍以及建立评价标准是组织好自然资源开发利用跨学科综合研究的五大关键步骤。阐明了利用持续化、管理科学化、方法数理化是自然资源开发利用的发展态势，有效配置、恢复与重建、地质环境保护、生态脆弱区与一次性自然资源开发利用是当前自然资源开发利用研究的热点。

关键词：自然资源开发利用可持续发展管理科学社会经济生态复合系统系统演化

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Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 308-319 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0696-x

摘要： This paper aims to discuss an environmental, social, and economic analysis of energy utilization of crop residues from life cycle perspectives in China. The methodologies employed to achieve this objective are environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Five scenarios are developed based on the conversion technologies and final bioenergy products. The system boundaries include crop residue collection, transportation, pre-treatment, and conversion process. The replaced amounts of energy are also taken into account in the E-LCA analysis. The functional unit is defined as 1 MJ of energy produced. Eight impact categories are considered besides climate change in E-LCA. The investment capital cost and salary cost are collected and compared in the life cycle of the scenarios. Three stakeholders and several subcategories are considered in the S-LCA analysis defined by UNEP/SETAS guidelines. The results show that the energy utilization of crop residue has carbon emission factors of 0.09–0.18 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ), and presents a net carbon emissions reduction of 0.03–0.15 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ) compared with the convectional electricity or petrol, but the other impacts should be paid attention to in the biomass energy scenarios. The energy utilization of crop residues can bring economic benefit to local communities and the society, but the working conditions of local workers need to be improved in future biomass energy development.

关键词： crop residue life cycle assessment life cycle cost social life cycle assessment energy production

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“两弹一星”事业对中国社会发展的影响

苗东升

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第7期页码 14-20

摘要：

从五个方面回顾和讨论了“两弹一星”及其后续发展航天工程对中国的巨大历史作用：为国家建设获得和平的国际环境提供必要保障；占领高新科技的世纪性制高点；日益凸显重大的经济和社会意义；培育宝贵的民族精神；获得建立合理的国际新秩序所必须的大国地位。

关键词：两弹一星航天科技开发太空共赢博弈

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Common biases in client involved decision-making in the AEC industry

Sujesh F. SUJAN, Arto KIVINIEMI, Steve W. JONES, Jacqueline M. WHEATHCROFT, Eilif HJELSETH

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 221-238 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0026-3

摘要： Understanding of the constitution of client involved decisions is important for future improvements of the processes. Significant decisions in construction projects are reliant on heuristic processes where assumptions are developed from past experience. The paper presents a methodology to collect empirical data in an unstructured manner utilizing participant intuition and experience regarding project level collaboration, a term easily understood by practitioners. Empirical data collected from 6 focus group discussions in Norway and 18 individual interviews in Finland is associated with biases in decision making aimed at bridging the gap of understanding and literature’s insufficient coverage. An analytic framework was developed to suit the diverse emergence of concepts to allow application of psychological principles in a structured manner to empirical data. The paper contributes by identifying types of cognitive and motivational biases in client involved decisions. The biases are found to be alleviated by one another depending on the particular application of the decision. Findings suggest that normative beliefs exist developed from past experience and habitual thinking. A number of emerged biases in this domain are alleviated from normative beliefs which are discussed in this paper.

关键词： collaboration construction industry social science decision-making client cognitive bias motivational bias holistic analysis human factor

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Are public‒private partnerships still an answer for social infrastructure?

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 467-482 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0249-1

摘要： Social infrastructure has become an important element for measuring national economic development and social benefits that are usually financed in the form of government grants, private investment, and public‒private partnerships (PPPs). However, social infrastructure PPPs have attracted considerable public debate due to their low profitability and complex operational demands. This study aims to answer the question, “are PPPs still an answer for social infrastructure?”, from the perspectives of the body of knowledge, application status, and prospects. Initially, an iterative search and review procedure and a scientometric analysis were performed to systematically screen the literature and to structure the body of knowledge of the social infrastructure PPPs literature. Furthermore, the application status and trends were analyzed to further explore the studied countries/regions, application sectors, and research topics. Results show that PPPs still have valuable application potential for delivering social infrastructure despite their mixed results across different topics. Six main research themes and the corresponding research trends were also identified, namely, financing and economics viability, risk management, performance management, contract and relationship management, governance and regulation, and facilitating and hindering factors. These findings offer practitioners and researchers a comprehensive overview and constructive guidance on social infrastructure PPPs.

关键词： public‒private partnerships social infrastructure scientometric analysis systematic review

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社会影响力分析——模型、方法和评价 Review

李侃, 张林, 黄河燕

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第1期页码 40-46 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.02.004

摘要：

社会影响力分析（SIA）是一个广泛的研究领域，吸引了诸多研究者的兴趣。本文总结了SIA 相关的模型、方法和评价方面代表性的工作，并将SIA 模型归纳为两种类型：微观模型和宏观模型。微观模型考虑人与人之间的相互影响和影响的过程，而宏观模型认为每个人具有相同的传播概率和影响力。本文分析了包括影响最大化、影响最小化、影响流和个人影响力等的社会影响力分析方法；介绍了影响力评价指标，并分析了社会影响力评价模型。本文的目标是对社会影响力提供全面的分析，旨在辅助理解社会行为，为舆论影响提供理论基础，并揭示未来的研究方向和潜在的应用。

关键词：社会影响力分析在线社交网络社会影响力分析模型影响力评价